Green Data Communication: The Next Challenge after 5G
绿色数据通信：5G之后的挑战
Dieter Bimberg
ABSRACT
Since 2014 novel consumer applications like Netflix, Block Chain,… not known to appear at the horizon at that time have led to a huge increase of internet traffic of 60%/year, much more than then originally predicted by companies like Cisco. This increased use of the internet is increasing its electrical power consumption due to increased data traffic mostly inside data centers. New data centers have crossed the 500 MW level. 5G with its big jump in data speed will be another enabler for new services, like LIDAR and more we cannot think about yet, and will increase the energy consumption to an extent not further tolerable. More research has to be done on the energy-efficiency of data traffic on all hierarchy levels. Inside data centers advanced design of active optical cables, their electronic driver and receiver circuits and the active photonic devices are suddenly in the focus, with the goal to minimize their combined power consumption. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for 200+ Gbit/s single fiber data transmission across OM5 multimode fiber with a record heat to bit rate ratio (HBR) of only 240 fJ/bit x wavelength @ 50Gbit/s developed in our labs are presented. We recently discovered photon lifetime management to be the key to adopt the overall energy consumption to the bit rate of the data traffic (e.g. 25 Gb/s, 50 Gb/s,..).
2014年以来，随着云视频、区域链等新兴消费类应用的兴起，互联网流量以每年60%的速度大幅增长，远高于思科等公司最初的预测。互联网流量的大幅增加，导致了数据中心内部电力消耗的急剧增加（新数据中心能耗已超过500 MW）。同时，5G和激光雷达等应用的涌现，进一步加剧了数据中心内部的能耗。因此，必须在所有层面上对降低数据中心的能耗进行更多的研究。以光纤为基础的光互连技术已广泛的应用于数据中心，如何降低数据中心内部光互连能耗，包括激光器芯片、探测器芯片、驱动电芯片的能耗，也成为近年来研究的热点。本次报告，将主要介绍我们近期在高速、低功耗垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）研究方面取得的进展，包括在OM5多模光纤中验证200 Gbit/s的高速数据传输、以及240 fJ/bit@ 50 Gbit/s的超低能耗，同时还将介绍如何通过调控光子寿命降低系统整体功耗（25 Gb/s, 50 Gb/s）。
BIOGRAPHY
Dieter Bimberg received the Ph.D. magna cum laude from Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. He held a Principal Scientist position at the Max Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Grenoble, France, until 1979. After serving as a Professor of electrical engineering, Technical University of Aachen, Germany, he assumed the Chair of Applied Solid-State Physics at Technical University of Berlin. He is the Founding Director of its Center of Nanophotonics. He hold guest professorships at the Technion, Haifa, U.C. Santa Barbara, CA, USA, and at Hewlett-Packard in Palo Alto, CA. He was Distinguished Adjunct Professor at KAU, Jeddah 2012-2018. In 2018 he assumed the directorship of the “Bimberg Chinese German Center for Green Photonics” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at CIOMP, Changchun.
He is a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, the EU Academy of Sciences, a Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the US Academies of Engineering and of Inventors, a Life Fellow of the American Physical Society and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE. He is recipient of multiple international awards, like the UNESCO Nanoscience Award, the Max-Born Award and Medal of IoP and DPG, the Heinrich-Welker-Award, the Nick Holonyak Jr. Award, the Japanese Oyo Buturi Award of Applied Physics, the Jun-Ichi Nishizawa Medal and Award of IEEE, and the Stern-Gerlach Award of DPG, to mention a few. He received honorary doctorates of the University of Lancaster, UK, and the St. Petersburg University of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
He has authored more than 1500 papers, 61 patents, and six books. The number of times his research works has been cited exceeds 65,000 and his Hirsch factor is 111. His research interests include physics and technology of nanostructures, nanostructured photonic and electronic devices, and energy efficient data communication.
Dieter Bimberg教授在德国法兰克福大学获得博士学位。曾任马克斯·普朗克固体研究所首席科学家、德国亚琛工业大学电气工程教授、柏林工业大学应用固体物理学主席、纳米光子学中心创始主任、以色列海法理工学院和美国惠普公司客座教授、吉达大学（KAU）杰出兼职教授。 2018年4月，任中科院长春光机所的“Bimberg中德绿色光子学研究中心”的主任。
Bimberg教授是德国科学院、欧盟科学院的成员，俄罗斯科学院、美国工程院和美国国家发明院院士，美国物理学会和IEEE的终身会员，英国兰卡斯特大学和俄罗斯科学院圣彼得堡大学的名誉博士学位。Bimberg教授获得多个国际奖项，包括Stern-Gerlach奖章（DPG）、Nishizaza奖章（IEEE）、Nick Holonyak jr.奖章（OSA）、中国科学院优秀国际学者、Heinrich-Welker-Award奖章、联合国教科文奖章、William Streifer奖章（IEEE）、Max-Born奖章（IOP and DPG）。他发表1500余篇论文，61项专利，6本专著。总引超过65000次， H因子高达111。他的研究领域包括纳米结构的物理和技术，纳米结构的光电器件以及节能数据通信等。